Unit 1 Draft


Source: #3

Alter, Adam. “Why Our Screens Make Us Less Happy.” Ted.com, 2017, www.ted.com/talks/adam_alter_why_our_screens_make_us_less_happy/up-next?language=en.

This Ted Talk by Adam Alter, a Psychology and Business Professor, successfully displays why technology/screens makes us less happy, but he does not completely ignore the miraculous capabilities of technology that are useful. When Adam Alters recognizes and alludes to the obvious positives of screens, it greatly increases his credibility from the viewers perspective. Through this Ted Talk, he details how top Silicon Valley executives limit their kids screen time. 75% of the students at the Waldorf School of the Peninsula in Silicon Valley is made up of Silicon Valley executives’ children. The Waldorf School of the Peninsula, doesn’t introduce screens until the 8th grade. Silicon Valley executives who eat, sleep and breathe screens, send their kids to schools that remove them from screens until age 13. The New York times reporter asked Steve Jobs, “Your kid’s must love the iPad?” Steve Job’s response was, “They haven’t used it. We limit how much technology our kids use at home.” Adam Alter found that people spend 3 times as much time on applications that don’t make them happy, rather than the ones that make them happy. The dating, browsing, social networking and gaming applications that people spend the most time on actually make people unhappy or upset. People spend so much time on these applications because they have removed stopping cues. With a book you finish a chapter, in a television show the episode ends, but, on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram and Tinder among many others they removed all stopping cues and you can scroll forever. Companies and people who have put in measures to limit screen use have had really strong responses, their “life becomes more colorful, richer, more interesting -- you have better conversations.
The author’s project I believe is to teach people of the easily ignorable detriments of screen use, and open people’s eyes to the possibilities and happiness that can be achieved if you just put your phone in airplane mode and take a breath. But he does not only detail the problems and negative effects, he also provides solutions. Do not choose a time such as 5-6PM every day to turn off your phone, but to schedule it around events every day. We eat every single day, put your phone away at the meal. At first, Adam Alter agrees, you may suffer from severe “FOMO”, but once you fight that temptation you will try and expand that break from your screens. The project presented as a speech and presentation, was both extremely effective and provided additional positive elements that could only be elicited through a video presentation. Through the presentation genre, the speaker was able to provide visuals to set the scene, tonal cues and use hand motions to effectively share his perspective. Often times in writing and other mediums, there can be a misrepresentation because you cannot hear tonal cues or see visual cues. The author was immensely successful, as he clearly, credibly and effectively shared his point of view which was backed up by research and academic findings. Furthermore, this presentation perfectly fits into the dialogue of my portfolio, as I look to explore the impact of technology and screens.

Source: #2

Citation: Weinstein, Aviv, et al. “Internet Addiction Is Associated with Social Anxiety in Young Adults.” Amazonaws.com/Academia.edu.documents, Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 2015, s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/42846485/Internet_addiction_is_associated_with_so20160219-31054-yd8sni.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1537840694&Signature=nITvm9rBMVCwp0TU5s7uabHLOC8%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DInternet_addiction_is_associated_with_so.pdf.

This study aimed to discover whether there is a correlation between Problematic Internet Use (PIU) or excessive Internet use and social anxiety, which is characterized by the study as “excessive or poorly controlled preoccupations, urges, or behaviors regarding computer use, and Internet access that leads to impairment or distress.” The results yielded that there was no difference between males and females’ levels of internet addiction, nor did they find a particular social network that yielded higher levels of social anxieties. The study’s results reaffirm previous evidence of the “co-occurrence of Internet addiction and social anxiety.”

The authors project here was to either affirm or deny previous studies that linked social anxiety and PIU. The study included 240 students, with the mean age for women as 23, and the mean age for men was 25. The study included an equal amount of males and females. The second hypothesis was to determine whether men or women were more likely to be addicted to the internet.
The genre of the source is a research article from an accredited university, University of Ariel in Israel. The project by the Department of Behavioral Science and Science influenced the source by making it the research article more formal, scientific in the layout as they followed the scientific method, and finally by making their argument heavily supported by numbers. The genre also influenced the project; if the genre wasn’t a research article by a university and was a tweet, the researcher would not have had to extrapolate data, structure it so properly or have had this data heavily vetted and approved for publishing.
I thought that this project was extremely thorough, they developed a test that measured IAT( Internet Addiction Score), the researchers were also very methodical using many very appropriate statistical tools to evaluate(based on the few courses I have taken in statistics). The only issue that I have with this study is that the sample size is made up of only students from Israel, which is one of the smaller countries in the world. The culture of internet use and addiction can vary widely based on country and culture. While, I do think that the results would be the same if performed in the United States, we cannot say that the results apply for the United States students. The success level of this research and my assessment are directly related. I believe that the research was very successful in providing further evidence to the detriments of social anxiety and Internet Addiction, but sample size was from an extremely minority country in the world.
This source undoubtedly fits into my larger goal of this project, to prove that there are significant detriments of excessive internet use on youth, but they are not just limited to social anxiety which was explored here. It was extremely helpful, that they took a step further and analyzed whether specific social networking platforms provide more social anxiety, as the conclusion was no specific correlation. As stated in the conclusion portion of this study, “The results of the study support previous evidence for cooccurrence of Internet addiction and social anxiety, but further studies need to clarify this association.” As, I previously mentioned this small sample from this small nation needs to studied further in other countries. I especially liked this study because it alluded to one of my considerations which was the increased internet use over time, and its effect on adolescents as well. Another reason I was drawn to this research over others was that they broke down the social anxiety into specific characteristics that did have a correlation. As indicated here, “Our results support findings of previous research showing an association between poor social skills and excessive Internet use and that in males fear, anxiety, and depression were correlated positively with cognitions about problematic Internet use.” Another statement which specified characteristic correlations was “Furthermore, problematic Internet users were more neurotic and less extraverted, more socially anxious and emotionally lonely, and gaining greater support from Internet social networks than average Internet users.”


Source: #1

Denis Baron’s, “ From Pencils to Pixels: The Stages of Literacy Technologies” takes the reader through a brief history of a few of the most world altering communication technologies. These technologies include, writing, the pencil, telephone and computer. Baron walks the reader through the potential adoption process of a new communication technology, first it is restricted to only a few, then as costs decrease and hesitations from the general public simmer down public adoption will catch. Finally, the accessibility of the technology will reach broader markets and successfully alter how people communicate.  This piece I believe falls under the category of a historical essay, and through this essay the Baron aims to provide a historical, non-biased, informative view point of how literacy technology has transformed over time.

I did find this essay extremely informative and interesting how Baron’s provided analysis on the often overlooked and oversimplified path to electronic communication. Therefore, based on the perceived purpose of this essay it was very successful in shedding light, and walking the reader through the history of literacy technologies evolution; along with the many efficiencies and advancements that stemmed from it. One example of the success of this piece in explaining evolution of literacy technology and successfully providing a backdrop can be found under the conclusion section, “Even the pencil itself didn’t escape the wrath of educators. One of the major technological advances in pencil-making occurred in the early twentieth century, when manufacturers learned to attach rubber tips to inexpensive wood pencils by means of a brass clamp.” The success of this piece is illustrated here; where Baron describes the historical pattern of adoption of literacy technology and where he begins to elegantly describe one of the greatest advancement being the eraser and the wrath with hesitance of adoption. Every single day, over 4 billion people use their phones to communicate through Twitter, Facebook, texting, writing and more all through this 5 inch by 2 inch device. This all stemmed from a wood and graphite. This article is fitting for what the course is centered around which is technology; I also find it quite enlightening, because this article has gotten me to start thinking about the negative effects that technologies evolution has had on the development of society.
While this essay did provide an accurate history and a glimpse of the problematic nature of relying too heavily on typing, which I will provide examples, it did not go far enough in explaining the detrimental nature of relying too heavily on typing, computers and text. Don’t get me wrong computers and text processing make life so much easier, efficient and accurate for everyone in many ways, but there are some innate negative effects that are often ignored in this piece. Under the section, “What Writing Does Differently” it begins to allude to the many problems of communication through technology. “Writing lacks such tonal cues of the human voice such as pitch and stress,” this is one of the many significant problems with the transition to text; messages are often misconstrued and incorrectly interpreted because people cannot properly convey tonal cues. Furthermore, this article overlooks that kids don’t learn as well on computers, writing by hand yielded significantly better retention of information verses typing. Additionally, millennial's along with the next generation are lacking social skills and overall development, because they were born into a world of communicating through technology, rather than face to face. Furthermore, youth specifically are denied the opportunity to make mistakes without consequences. The final reason, that I believe text, typing and computing is so harmful is that everything is posted or shared on social media communication outlets within minutes, denying people the ability to live and learn from mistakes. While computing, text processing and the overall evolution of literacy technology undoubtedly increased efficiencies and can be attributed to so many successes today, it is vital to identify the weaknesses of technological communication methods.